Vox‘s Timothy Lee has written this column several times now.
Putatively liberal outlet Vox spends a great many column inches trying to stop the national labor movement known as “Fight for 15” from increasing the minimum wage to $15 an hour. Its most frequent writer on the subject, Timothy Lee, is a former adjunct scholar at the libertarian Cato Institute, and is on the record opposing any minimum wage (when debating between $12 and $15, he doesn’t mention that he prefers $0), so it’s entirely predictable he would consistently argue against Fight for 15:
- “What Bernie Sanders Misses About a $15 Minimum Wage” (11/15/15)
- “Hillary Clinton Knows a National $15 Minimum Wage Is a Bad Idea. She Endorsed It Anyway” (4/15/16)
- “California Just Passed a $15 Minimum Wage. Even Left-Leaning Economists Say It’s a Gamble” (5/31/16)
Lee’s posts on the topic consist of hand-wringing over theoretical loss of employment and an increased incentive for automation technology. He’s written a variation of the same article several times before; his latest, “‘I Told You So’: Former McDonald’s Exec Blames Fight for 15 for New Touchscreen Ordering” (11/30/16), is the same as all the previous ones, only with the topical hook of a McDonald’s PR campaign and a Forbes op-ed (11/29/16) by former McDonald’s CEO Ed Rensi:
“I told you so,” he writes. “In 2013, when the Fight for 15 was still in its growth stage, I and others warned that union demands for a much higher minimum wage would force businesses with small profit margins to replace full-service employees with costly investments in self-service alternatives.”
But McDonald’s, the fast food industry’s lobbyists and right-wing media outlets have been making this threat for years, long before Fight for 15 gained mainstream acceptance and any political victories:
- “McDonald’s Fries Only a Click Away” (Reuters, 6/13/03)
- “McDonald’s Hires 7,000 Touch-Screen Cashiers” (CNET, 5/17/11)
- “The Fast-Food Restaurants That Require Few Human Workers” (NPR, 8/26/13)
The idea that McDonald’s would expand its use of kiosk technology is neither novel nor certain, but Lee presents it as a direct response to Fight for 15, rather than a long-planned technological adaptation that remains up in the air:
Now, Rensi says, his prediction is coming true. McDonald’s is just one of several restaurants around the country that are experimenting with automated restaurant technologies. If jurisdictions continue to push up the minimum wage, more and more businesses will look for ways to automate their operations in order to avoid having to pay higher wages.
The economic logic of Rensi’s argument is impeccable.
“Impeccable,” you say? Please tell us how.
If you make the minimum wage high enough, businesses will look for more opportunities for automation and hire fewer workers. The question is whether a $15 minimum wage is high enough to induce a lot of employers to switch to more automated systems.
And earlier this month, McDonald’s announced that it was going to begin installing touchscreen ordering kiosks in its restaurants, which should allow restaurants to serve more customers with fewer workers.
Vox isn’t alone in showcasing fast food’s anti-minimum wage PR: Here’s the Washington Post (8/16/15) warning about the rise of the robots–leading off with an anecdote from Ed Rensi.
But there’s no reason to think these experiments wouldn’t have happened without Fight for 15. Indeed, as mentioned above, these announcements predate Fight for 15, and have been “announced” in some form or another several times.
Does this mean McDonald’s isn’t rolling out kiosk technology in earnest? Of course not; corporations are always looking for new technologies to reduce labor costs. But would this roll-out somehow not occur if workers struggling to stay above the poverty line hadn’t taken to the streets to demand a living wage? Predictably, this is not a question Lee feels a need to explore, much less answer.
In patented Vox “explainer” fashion, Lee ends the piece with lazy condescension:
It’s easy to get people fired up about an alliterative slogan like “Fight for 15.” But alliteration isn’t necessarily a good way to choose a policy goal. The implicit idea here—that people everywhere should get the same minimum wage whether they live in a booming, expensive metropolis or a struggling town with a low cost of living—doesn’t make a lot of sense.
“It doesn’t make a lot of sense, you economically literate rubes” isn’t the most compelling argument, but Lee only has 500 or so words to play with, so his denouement being a self-reinforcing insult is understandable. Blaming automation, in general, is a great get-of-jail-free PR card for corporations who plan to or may plan on cutting jobs, and want to turn the public sentiment away from supporting pro-labor measures.
“If you get too greedy, we’ll fire all of you” is an anti-worker threat as old as organized labor. Only now, the Pinkertons have been replaced by a sophisticated public relations machine that relies, in part, on credulous write-ups from outlets like Vox.
Adam Johnson is a contributing analyst for FAIR.org. You can follow him on Twitter at @AdamJohnsonNYC.
If Minimum Wage Hikes Increase Productivity, That’s Great News
By Dean Baker
Economists have been disappointed by the extraordinarily weak productivity growth of the last decade. Low productivity growth means that there is less room for improvements in living standards and more leisure.
Fortunately, there may be an answer. Timothy Lee at Vox (11/30/16) tells us that higher minimum wages are leading to more rapid automation. According to his piece, higher wages are pushing McDonald’s outlets around the country to experiment with touchscreen ordering. This will raise productivity at McDonald’s and at other restaurants that adopt the technology.
While Lee, for some reason, views higher productivity as a bad thing, virtually all economists view productivity growth as the main determinant of living standards in the long run. While productivity growth can displace workers, we know how to run macroeconomic policies to maintain full employment (e.g., keep the Federal Reserve Board from raising interest rates, and/or run larger budget deficits). So if Lee is right and higher wages are leading to more rapid productivity growth, this is great news.
Economist Dean Baker is co-director of the Center for Economic and Policy Research in Washington, DC. A version of this post originally appeared on CEPR’s blog Beat the Press (12/5/16).
You can contact Vox here (or via Twitter: @VoxDotCom). Please remember that respectful communication is the most effective.
Lee’s spot on that the minimum wage shouldn’t be the same for everyone.
If you’re in a high cost of living area, you should make a good deal more than $15 an hour.
I doubt that’s the solution that “makes sense” for him, however.
Of course, we should prefer folks were making a living wage from work that didn’t do such harm to our health, which is invariably missing from the discussion, isn’t it?
“If you’re in a high-cost area, you should make a good deal more than $15 an hour.” I can concede this point without thinking that a legal minimum wage is the only — or best — way to achieve this goal. For example, unionized workers often receive wages higher than the legal minimum.
Kevin, concomitant with the fight for a higher minimum wage is the right to organize.
Now, I’d like to see a world where wage work didn’t exist — the whole “from each according to her talents, to each according to his needs” — but until that unlikely day comes, we have to struggle for the right of every single person on this planet to have what they need to live a dignified life.
Impossible under a market system, but so is universal peace and harmony, and that shouldn’t prevent us from doing what we can to move however haltingly in that direction, wouldn’t you say?
What you have to love is the idea that ‘Automated technology” for food service jobs is a brand new idea. One needs only to read the book ‘In god we trust, all others pay cash’ for proof that the concept is very old. I can recall the Space Needle in Washington state, during the hay day of the 63 worlds Fair and it’s coin operated self-selfing Automat was supposed to be the future.
“The first automat in the US was opened June 12, 1902, at 818 Chestnut St.[2] in Philadelphia by Horn & Hardart.[4] The automat was brought to New York City[2] in 1912 and gradually became part of popular culture in northern industrial cities. Horn & Hardart was the most prominent automat chain.” – Wikipedia
So the idea that coin operated serving restaurants are neither the future, nor sustainable for long.
We have completely failed to study our history, so we are now in the process of repeating our failures.
So the idea that coin operated serving restaurants are the future and sustainable for long is neither. – Good Grief.
lets see, 40 or so different McDonald’s products served in 100’s of combinations in a sanitary environment. automation like that in just one mcdonald’s has got to cost in the 10’s of millions.
and what if you don’t want pickles on that?
even at 15 an hour, labor is way cheaper.
every time McDonald’s makes a change in a mcdonald’s, it’s not the McDonald’s Corporation who foots the bill. it’s the location operator.
Most operators own 20 to 30 locations and end up operating on a very thin margin because of the demands McDonald’s already makes to things like refurbishing the entire location every five years, installing new electronic signs ect.
Lets see them force their operators to invest the millions it will take to automate.