Military attacks and other violence in the Gaza Strip and Israel have resulted at this point in over a dozen deaths, most of them Palestinians, and sparked fears of an Israeli ground invasion similar to the 2008-09 assault that claimed over 1,000 Palestinian lives.
The past 24 hours of violence was sparked by Israel’s killing of Hamas military leader Ahmad al-Jabari on Wednesday. The question, then, is a familiar one: What prompted this action? The conventional corporate media timelines usually stress, whatever the facts, that Israel is responding to violent attacks by Palestinians, as FAIR documented over 10 years ago (Action Alert, 4/4/02)–and noted in this blog as recently as last month (10/9/12).
A rare sight in U.S. media: A grieving Palestinian father on the front page of the Washington Post.
Are things any different this time? It would not appear so. The first sentence of the front-page New York Times article states that the Israeli assault came “after persistent Palestinian rocket fire.” On NBC Nightly News (11/14/12), Martin Fletcher told viewers, “Israel says it had no choice after Palestinians in Gaza fired at least 100 rockets at Israel in the last five days.” On NPR‘s All Things Considered (11/14/12), Audie Cornish explained that “the strikes were in retaliation for the launching of more than 100 rockets at Israel in recent days.”
In fact, recent rounds of violence had more to do with Israeli actions, which drew subsequent Palestinian rockets. Ali Abunimah has posted a timeline of recent events (Electronic Intifada, 11/15/12) that gives some sense of the missing context.
On November 4, Israeli forces shot dead an unarmed man inside the Gaza Strip. Israeli forces entered Gaza on November 8; a 13-year-old boy was shot and killed. On November 10, Gaza militants attacked an Israeli military jeep, injuring four soldiers. That prompted a three-day Israeli response that killed five civilians, three of them children.
After that incident, a tentative truce brokered by Egypt appeared to be in place as of November 13. The following day, Israel carried out the attack that killed Ahmad al-Jabari.
The lesson for decoding media messages on Israel/Palestine: Take note of when reporters tell you that the latest violence “started.” They’re picking a starting point for a reason.
” They’re picking a starting point for a reason.” You mean, kind of like you just by picking Nov. 4 and ignoring the late October incidents?
I really like this blog but this story is ridiculous. As the comment above points out, any “starting point” going back hundreds of years would be arbitrary.
More rocket stats from the IDF blog “In 2011 alone, 630 rockets from Gaza hit Israeli towns. That’s an even higher number than in 2010, when 231 rockets hit Israel. Since 2001, more than 12,800 rockets and mortars, an average of 3 attacks every single day, have landed in Israel.”
The Hamas military leader killed was directly responsible for ordering many of these rocket attacks. As you point out, he was their military leader.
Also the “sparked fears…” Sentence is very misleading. Care to attribute this to a source other than the author’s personal opinion?
killing and arresting children , thats all Israel can do under the full assistance of US. I am 100% sure that no action can take by united nations on it. now they forgot about human rights
I think that you are missing the critizicism here: the US Media ALWAYS reports that the Israel is “responding”, never that they are, in fact, instigating. Consider this currently conflict: Egypt arranged a cease fire. Who broke it? Israel. That isn’t an opinion or picking a starting place: it is just a fact.
Aren’t these victims being sacrificed on the altar of Netanyahu’s political ambitions? Thwarted, for now, on Iran, and with dissension within the ranks on his saber rattling in that direction, he knows that an attack on Gaza will set off the Pavlovian bell of “defending the homeland” and increase support for him.
It may well be that the ceasefire was intended to expose al-Jabari to an assassination attempt, the result being to create a pretext for eschewing anything other than an unbridled assault on the Gazan population.
And we have to be mindful of the fact that much of the materiel raining down death and destruction on Gaza is paid for by our tax dollars.
That practically no one in this country cares about, or that many support the unleashing of such horrors on civilians is emblematic of not only the effectiveness of Israeli propaganda, aided and abetted by US corpress and gummint complicity, but also of the prejudices deeply ingrained in the psyches of most Americans.
We can get all teary eyed over the horrible attack on young Malalai Yusufzai in Pakistan, as well we should, although that has been cynically exploited by the US to promote its own assault on a civilian population, but we either are oblivious to the suffering of the Palestinians, or we deem it justified in the name of protecting holy Israel.
That hypocrisy, that indifference, that inhumanity, has oceans of blood on its hands.
Since the inception of Israel, the Arabs (& their pawn the ‘Palestinians’) had sworn hatefully that they will drive Israel to the sea and erase the tiny country from the map invading before even the country can formally declare its birth. Nothing in the aggression has change since then.
So sure, this blog (failing to consider the historical facts) sure aint bias. *eyes rolling.
When did the violence start? How about going back to 1948, when the Arab states and Palestinian leadership flouted the U.N. partition plan and started a war of extermination against the nascent state of Israel?
Or should we try World War II, during which Palestinian leader al-Husseini was allied with Hitler and urged the Fuhrer to extend the Final Solution to Jews in Palestine?
Or perhaps we could try the Palestinian pogroms against Jews in the 1920s-1930s?
But all of that might require Hart to actually pay attention to history. Hart contents himself instead with establishing FAIR as an anti-Zionist propaganda organ in solidarity with fascist/terrorist Hamas.
How about going back to the partition after WWI by the European powers who found it ‘convenient’ to settle their “problem children” in the Levant after WWII… with NO consideration for the “A-rabs” who happened to be residing there? (I know… it’s “pissing in the wind”… but I’ve already gotten my jeans muddy in the garden, so wtf) ^..^
Has there been at least ONE rocket for every new settler who has moved into the West Bank since, oh, 1980? Seems only fair… ^..^
“William” provides a selective, skewed history of past Palestinian/Israeli relations.
1. In 1948, Arabs and Palestinians “flouted” (as he puts it) a U.N. partition plan which had been forced upon them by outside powers; it had no legitimacy, in their eyes, so they resisted it. This fact had been recognized ten years earlier by David Ben-Gurion, who wrote, “Let us not ignore the truth among ourselves…. Politically we are the aggressors and they defend themselves… The country is theirs, because they inhabit it.”
2. Al-Husseini was a political operator with shifting fortunes; at no time was he a recognized “leader” of the entire Palestinian population. He attempted to strike a deal with Hitler because they had a common enemy – Britain. The same can be said for some of the Zionist leaders of that period; they too made overtures toward the Third Reich in the hopes of forging an alliance against that same common enemy. None of these attempts came to fruition.
As for his urging “the Fuhrer to extend the Final Solution to Jews in Palestine”, Wikipedia reports:
“Al-Husseini settled in Berlin in late 1941 and resided there for most of the war. Various sources have repeated allegations, mostly ungrounded in documentary evidence, that he visited the death camps of Auschwitz, Majdanek, Treblinka and Mauthausen. At the Nuremberg trials, one of Adolf Eichmann’s deputies, Dieter Wisliceny, stated that al-Husseini had actively encouraged the extermination of European Jews, and that he had had an elaborate meeting with Eichmann at his office, during which Eichmann gave him an intensive look at the current state of the “Solution of the Jewish Question in Europe” by the Third Reich. Most of these allegations are completely unfounded.”
3. As for the “pogroms against the Jews in the 1920s-1930s”: the violence was mutual, mostly provoked, on the Palestinian side, when they found themselves being displaced by hostile, outside settlers. Their violence was perhaps not justified; but such defensive violence is generally resorted to when there are no peaceful, legal means to achieve desired goals. In any case, the Zionists were far better armed and organized and triumphed in the end.
Perhaps the real lesson is that you agree to a truce at your own personal risk. It seems cessation of hostilities is more threatening than the rockets.
again, if israel says it, the american media must co-sign on the bottom line.
A timeline which ignores the increasing numbers of rockets fired from Gaza is dishonest. Reprinting the picture of the grieving father without noting that the child was killed by a large blast which indicates that the Israeli bombs had set off a Hamas arsenal is also dishonest. I subscribe to FAIR to get fair and accurate reporting, not dishonest reports.
Doug Latimer is the best contributor to this blog, and I wish to tell him, you are SO right!!!
To those of us who know that there is a world where human lives outside the borders of USA know very well the behavior of the media in this country. Why a fight starts in Palistine, is similar to what happen in the NHL. You get hit,the referee does not see it, you retaliate, you are caught and you end up in the penalty box.
The question always asked Why the Arab and the muslem world Hate us? President Bush answer was, as most media does, because they are envious of our way of living. The real answer is because they see injustice all around them. In 1956 the US at the international assembly vetoed a resolotion to condemn the attackers on Egypt due to lake of credible information, and the government has no indication anything is taking place.Hundreds of situation could be cited if one research the united nation records. Furthermore, The open and free military aid to Israel is known to everyone except those who don’t want to know. It is sad too see that the foriegn police of a powerfull country such the united is manipulated by the Israeli government and the jeuish lobby. The Arabic masses, thanks to technology, began to understand that the natural reasources of their being used against them. One Israeli killed by a Palistinian action is trrorisim. but one hundred palistinian killed by an Isreali raid is labeled self defense.
I have wondered for the long time what is holding the repelion of the arab masses. Unfortunately now it is happening and resulting in the loss of human lives on both sides of conflict. One question of self pride remain. Why the presidential candidates solicit the acceptance of the Jewish lobby? Are we an independent nation? free to do waht we think is right and it is inthe best interest of our people? We kill americans by going to war to spread democracy and defend human rights, how is this principal applied?
Israel attacks her enemies.She makes no bones about it.These Terror groups do not attack IDF soldiers(their enemies)for the most part.They launch rockets endlessly on civilians.If Israel meant to do that to civilians in the gaza…. there would not be a Palestinian left standing.Endless rockets come in.The moronic animals actually almost hit one of their own most holy sights in jerusalem.What do they care?Blood on the street is all they want.Do they believe Israel is a paper tiger?How smart are they?They keep launching …and IDF troops will be thumping them into the dirt.Time to talk people
The time line starts with each cease fire. Whomever breaks it starts it anew. Usually it is Israel. Just as most people don’t know that it was US soldiers burning down a court house in British Canada that started the 1812-1814 war. We see that same reporting here of our ally.
Lawrence, thanks for the props.
I’ll try to be deserving of them.
Ridovemoo, the European powers gave plenty of consideration to the Arabs in Palestine. To begin with, Jordan got 80% of the Palestinian Mandate, which ain’t too shabby. Then, the 1947 U.N. Partition Resolution gave land with a majority Jewish population to the Jews, and land with a majority Arab population to the Arabs. That would be in deference to self-determination, last time I checked.
Meanwhile, the British habitually responded to Arab riots and massacres against Jewish immigrants in the 1920s-1930s by limiting Jewish immigration. This did not have a salubrious effect on Jews fleeing the Nazis. But you wouldn’t care about that, if you think that Hamas and their friends have the right to target civilians with indiscriminate shelling every time a settler moves to the West Bank.
Sumwunyoumaynotno, let me “unskew” your history:
1. You deliberately took Ben-Gurion out of context and quoted him in a highly “selective” manner. Ben-Gurion was referring to the Arabs as “terrorist gangs” who were military aggressors. He also acknowledged that the Palestinian Arabs resented Jewish immigrants. But he also made clear that such resentment was undeserved.
Here are a few other things Ben-Gurion said: “Under no circumstances must we touch land belonging to [Palestinian peasants] or worked by them.” “We do not need, we do not wish to expel the Arabs and take their place.”
Indeed, the Jewish immigrants to Palestine lived up to Ben-Gurion’s high ideals. There was no ethnic cleansing, no theft of land, and little exploitation of Arab labor. Rather, Jewish immigrants largely bought uncultivated land from absentee landlords at exorbitant prices. As the Peel Commission concluded in 1937, the land shortage frequently referenced by the Arabs “…was due less to the amount of land acquired by Jews than to the increase in the Arab population.”
No doubt today you would join with violent Texans who patrol the borders keeping out Mexican immigrants.
Finally, try not to be so coy. The Arabs didn’t “resist” the U.N. partition plan. They launched a war of extermination. For example, Matiel Mughannam, head of the Arab Women’s Organization affiliated with Al-Husseini and the Arab Higher Committee, said at the start of 1948: Israel “has no chance to survive now that the ‘Holy War’ has been declared. All the Jews will eventually be massacred.” Nice.
2. As a threshold matter, Al-Husseini – as Grand Mufti – was indisputably the most important Palestinian political and religious leader during WWII. You managed to find a Wikipedia article which questions al-Husseini’s commitment to the Final Solution. However, while Wikipedia (hardly an unimpeachable source on Middle East affairs) makes a few feeble efforts to apologize for al-Husseini, even that article points out a few items which you somehow neglected to mention, including:
–That al-Husseini’s intervention condemned 500 Jewish children to the gas chambers because he was afraid they would end up in Palestine.
–That while speaking on Radio Berlin as a Nazi propagandist, he exhorted his audience, “Kill the Jews wherever you find them.”
–That he recruited S.S. divisions in Bosnia.
Just wondering. If a right-wing journal tried to defend a fascist death squad leader in Guatemala, would you jump on that bandwagon, as well?
3. No reputable source would contend that the violence between Jews and Arabs in Palestine in the 1920s-1930s was mutual, except that at some point the Jewish immigrants began to defend themselves. For example, Benny Morris writes of the “Arab mobs that periodically ran amok in Palestine’s street during the Mandate – in 1920, 1921, 1929 and 1936-1939 – scream[ing] “idhbah al yahud” (slaughter the Jews).”
Massacres of Jews in Hebron and Safed were just two such infamous episodes.
Nice of you to acknowledge that the Arabs’ “violence was perhaps not justified.” According to you, there was no “peaceful, legal means to achieve desired goals.” Given that the Jews tried over and over and over to reach peace with the Arabs, you must mean that there was no “peaceful, legal means” for the Arabs to achieve their “desired goal” of exterminating the Jews. O.K. finally you got one right!
Mr. William misses a couple of things:
The additional quotes from Ben-Gurion by no means invalidate what I said about the man – namely, that he acknowledged the “political” legitimacy of the Palestinians’ position, and that there was no reason that the residents of Palestine ought to accept the Jewish takeover: “Why should the Arabs make peace? If I were an Arab leader I would never make terms with Israel. That is natural: we have taken their country… We have come here and stolen their country. Why should they accept that?”
But Ben-Gurion was a realist (as that very quote shows), and, committed to the project of establishing a Jewish state in Palestine, he came to realize that such a project could only be established by military means. The Zionists eventually got their way, using such means, in 1947-1948.
Comparing the Jewish displacement of Palestinians with Mexicans who attempt to immigrate across the Texas border is asinine: the Jews had powerful political forces supporting them, they had a U.N. resolution, they had an effective military organization, and the avowed intention of creating a “Jewish state”. The Mexicans, and others, are isolated, scattered, desperate, with no political or military organization of their own, and no powerful states to back them up.
The fearsome-sounding quote from the “head of the Arab Women’s Organization affiliated with Al-Husseini and the Arab Higher Committee” (Yikes! Such a formidable enemy!) strikes me as empty posturing, a lot of hot air – typical politician tough-talk. The Palestinians were a feeble, ineffective fighting force, and the leading Zionists knew that. So they (the Zionists) played out their strong hand, the military option.
I offered no brief or “apology” for Al-Husseini, so your “corrections” fall flat. He may have been an unprincipled, opportunistic, fascist collaborationist prick; but it’s not clear to me that his virulent, exterminationst anti-Semitism was the norm among ordinary Palestinans, nor that he carried that much weight in international affairs — specifically, that he significantly caused the Nazis to do anything that they weren’t already about to do. In 1941, Hitler “rebuffed the Mufti’s requests for a declaration in support of the Arabs, however, telling him the time was not right”. But I agree: Al-Husseini was a rotten schmuck.
It’s time to get one thing straight: the goal of most Palestinians was not “exterminating the Jews”. It was to prevent an outside, hostile force from taking over their lands, their wealth, and their lives. Just as Ben-Gurion knew. Similarly, I doubt that today the goal of most Jewish citizens of Israel is to “exterminate” the Palestinians – though that may be the case (spoken or whispered) among some of the most rabid, frenzied, right-wing Zionist leaders, or the settlers who illegally occupy the West Bank. They just want to be left alone from the perceived incursions of an alien “other”.
The notion that “the Jews tried over and over and over to reach peace with the Arabs” (yeah – on the Jews’ terms) would require another long posting. I might try to colonize your own house and land and try to “reach peace” with you while I do that. But I wonder whether you’re ok with that?
Nice try, sumwunyumaynotno, but no cigar.
1. To begin with, your protestations aside, there is no question that you have tried to apologize for al-Husseini or minimize the implications of his exterminationist activity.
First, you argued that he was guilty merely of attempting to strike a deal with Hitler because Great Britain was their common enemy. Obviously you were trying to downplay al-Husseini’s genocidal animus towards the Jews.
Second, you claimed that al-Husseini was simply “a political operator with shifting fortunes; at no time was he a recognized ‘leader’ of the entire Palestinian population.” It’s no mystery why you would make this argument; after all, the Palestinians never tire of complaining that they shouldn’t be made to pay because of Nazi persecution of the Jews. Unfortunately, that gripe simply has no legs – there is no doubt that al-Husseini was the most important Palestinian political and religious leader during WWII. You may as well argue that the U.S. shouldn’t be held responsible for the war in Iraq because the “entire U.S. population” didn’t vote for Dubya.
(By the way, after WWII, al-Husseini was welcomed into Egypt, where he worked with Nazi war criminals and urged the Egyptians to launch the Arabs’ war of extermination against the Jews in 1948. He later became a mentor of his cousin Yasser Arafat, no doubt one of your heroes.)
2. You claim to want to “get one thing straight,” but you manage instead to get everything wrong. The Jews were not an “outside, hostile force…taking over [the Arab Palestinians’] lands, their wealth, and their lives.” Rather, Jews immigrated to a land to which they had historical ties going back thousands of years.
Moreover, the Jews had every right to immigrate to Palestine, which was not a sovereign nation, and which was largely underdeveloped and underpopulated. The Jews did not act as colonialists in any respect – as I previously pointed out, they did not steal land, they did not ethnically cleanse, and so on.
There was also plentiful Arab immigration to Palestine at the same time that the Jews were arriving, and the Arab population went up significantly, hardly evidence of displacement.
(It’s worth noting, as well, that most anti-immigrant thugs would love your rhetoric: The Palestinians “just want to be left alone from the perceived incursions of an alien ‘other.'”)
Ultimately the Jews were willing to scale back their ambitions and accept a tiny state, but the Arabs made it plain from the beginning that their only response to Jewish immigration would be brutal violence. That is still the case today.
You argue that the Jews in 1947-1948 “played out their strong hand, the military option.” This is just as offensive as your efforts to whitewash al-Husseini. Rather, what happened is that the U.N. (whose routine anti-Israel resolutions you undoubtedly applaud) partitioned the land, and the Arab states responded (only a few years after the Holocaust) with their own attempt at a Final Solution.
Do you know how many Israeli deaths have been caused by the “twelve thousand” Palestinian rockets over the last twelve years? Twenty-six. Yes, 26. In response, over six and a half THOUSAND Palestinians have been killed.
I have some questions that I hope many of you will answer. Why was Hamas declared a terrorist government in the first place? If they were voted in by popular vote, why doesn’t that count for them? Is there a UN madate about what makes a terrorist nation, or is that left up to individual governments? i suppose that I could google this, but sometimes I learn more from posters here than from google searches. Thanks for any input.
Mr. William is one of those people who simply will not pay attention to the actual content of what I said; instead repeating his own interpretations (misinterpretations). It’s probably pointless to try to clear this up yet another time. But, do note, it was not just “Jewish immigration” that led to what he misleadingly calls a “war of extermination”; it was the forcible creation of a Jewish state, imposed by the European imperialist powers. Again, Ben Gurion recognized this.
But I suggest we let it all lie. William can have the last word.
There is something here kind of like a child yelling, “He started it!”
Israel gets to have everything both ways-they no longer occupy Gaza but they control its borders even to the point of limiting caloric intake but deliberately keeping it above starvation. Imagine our reaction were Israel to be blockaded and not allowed to control its own resources, kept just above starvation, and then was criticized when it responded. Although a terrorist lashing out with rockets at densely-concentrated populations is evil and horrible, some violent response (even one so impotent that it is reduced to attacking civilians) should not be surprising.
Palestinians are legally entitled to proportionate resistance to illegal military oppression such as the closing of borders, the killing of innocent women and children, the murder of politicians, the interdiction of trade and aid and attacks on media (broadcasting stations), schools, food stores, civilian facilities and homes. Israel is adding to its long list of Crimes against the Palestinians by these actions. They will have to pay the price one day. The sooner they stop the lower the price. But to save Palestinian lives and suffering needs international action, e.g. China, Russia and non-aligned non-Permanent Members of the Security Council to pass a Resolution sanctioning Israeli trade, aid and finance under threat of Chapter VII action if compliance is not respected. Chapter 27 obliges ‘parties to the dispute’ i.e. the USA and UK, to forfeit their right to vote.
Gloriana About Hamas……….. Well you can call it whatever you want.Freedom fighters that wish to kill as many jews as possible driving the jewish state into the sea.Or terrorists that wish to kill as many jews as possible- driving the jewish state into the sea.Semantics really.They want blood.Until every Jew is dead.Peace????Not really a concept known to them beyond using it as a tool to avoid war, furthering their ability to arm.If they had the bomb Israel would be gone
Enough Lies! Fack the media that protects Israel!!!!
So many people just parroting the corporate media line here. There is only one fact worth repeating.
As A. Lee states below;
“Do you know how many Israeli deaths have been caused by the “twelve thousand” Palestinian rockets over the last twelve years? Twenty-six. Yes, 26. In response, over six and a half THOUSAND Palestinians have been killed.”
Matt you sound like you are saying”well yes that madman shot a 100 rounds at your family trying to kill you all- but he missed.You shot three shots back and killed him and his whole family(accidentally) with the first shot.Do you not see the difference?Israelis morn the deaths of innocents.The other side celebrates it.
By the way…..By the time Israel responded ….over 800 missiles had been fired
Yo, trolls, read Matthew’s post. Enough said.
TimN, anti-Zionist thugs like you will continue to have the blood of the Palestinians on your hands as long as you encourage their hopeless belief that they can wipe Israel off the map.
Enough said – I certainly don’t want to hear any more nonsense out of you.
Tim it has been reported that the people firing those missiles at Israel have expended,or have had destroyed, near 90% of their stockpile.Israel is now ready to roll over,through and around their tormentors.Grinding them into the dirt.Killing many innocents who’s bodies don’t perform well as human shields to these cowards.Yet you in your easy chair….You a bombastic elitist who has never spent a day in the field(Im guessing)eggs them on.You spend others money ,and lives- cheaply sir.Hope you enjoyed your sumptuous thanksgiving meal,football games and warmth of your fire.
Lets just be real for once shall we?
Close to 1 million christians killed by muslims in the Sudan, hundreds of thousands of muslims killed in Somalia, more than 30,000 muslims killled in Syria.There are wars happening in many countries all over the world and no war is pretty…….. and yet NOONE… not the United Nations, not the USA, not anyone has more than a passing comment about any of them.
This has NOTHING to do with the POOR Palestinians…
This is totally and completely to do with the fact that throughout history the jews have been the scapegoat and whipping boy of both christians and muslims the world over. And why? Because they were always for the most part pacifists and it is very easy to bully someone who will not fight back.
For the first time with the inception of Israel suddenly the jews do what EVERY SINGLE country of any significant power has done for hundreds, if not thousands of years…. and yet, no other country is told to stop, or told it cannot fight back, or told it cannot attack, or it killed more people than the other side did.
No other country, or at least, hardly any country has ever been told to return land after the land was won in a war, regardless of who attacked. Do the Sudanese get their homes and land back? Anyone here want to demonstrate in the street for them, or for the million jews who lost their land and homes when kicked out of the arab countries, or for any other refugees the world over? Of course NOT! It has never been the way of the world.
So why is this different? Only because it is jews and the world cannot stomach the thought of losing its whipping boy.
Thank you, Karina, for a welcome reminder of the underlying reality.
To answer Gloriana’s questions:
“Why was Hamas declared a terrorist government in the first place? If they were voted in by popular vote, why doesn’t that count for them?”
Hamas won a parliamentary majority through a popular vote, but the Fatah held the presidency of the Palestinian Authority. Hamas seized executive power in Gaza through a military putsch after a violent conflict with Fatah. That doesn’t count as democratic.
In the meantime, President Abbas’s term expired a few years ago, and new legislative and presidential elections are long overdue. By now, neither the Hamas government in Gaza nor the Fatah government in the West Bank has any democratic legitimacy.
As to why Hamas is considered a terrorist organization, the reason is that it has a long history of carrying out, and claiming “credit” for, attacks by suicide bombers against civilian targets, such as buses, cafes, a university cafeteria, a pedestrian mall, and so on. Hamas also uses terror tactics against its own people, such as shooting opponents in the kneecap, kidnapping them, and carrying out extrajudicial killings.
I like reading an article that can make peope think. Also,
thank you for allowing me to comment!